Bacteriófagos como alternativas a los antibióticos: aplicaciones clínicas y desafíos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47230/unesum-salud.v4.n1.2025.83-93Palabras clave:
Infecciones, Antibióticos, Terapia, Fagos, LimitacionesResumen
Los bacteriófagos son virus que afectan y destruyen bacterias específicas, han emergido como una prometedora alternativa a los antibióticos tradicionales, especialmente en un contexto donde la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos está en aumento, esto se clasifican en diversos tipos incluidos los fagos líticos y lisogénico. El objetivo del estudio fue investigar bacteriófagos como alternativas a los antibióticos: aplicaciones clínicas y desafíos. La metodología aplicada fue una revisión de tipo narrativa documental, exploratoria de nivel explicativo. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que los fago líticos, lisogénicos, el fago vB_KpnP_IME337 es específico para Klebsiella pneumoniae, Fagos B_VpS_BA3 y vB_VpS_CA8 ambos son empleados para Vibrio parahaemolyticus y Fago lítico Sb-1 para Staphylococcus aureus. Entre las aplicaciones clínicas más destacadas, se encuentran: para tratar infecciones bacterianas, sepsis, infecciones urinarias, pulmonares y de la piel, para reducir la contaminación cruzada y disminuir el riesgo de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos. Entre estas limitaciones, están: Diversidad bacteriana y resistencia, poca aprobación, disponibilidad limitada, no está ampliamente regulada ni aprobada, Complejidad bacteriana y reacciones inmunológicas. Se concluyó que Existen diversos tipos de bacteriófagos, como los líticos Elisa génicos que han demostrado ser específicos para diferentes bacterias patógenas. La terapia con fagos ha demostrado ser efectiva en el tratamiento de diversas infecciones bacterianas. La terapia de fagos enfrenta varios desafíos significativos esto incluye la diversidad bacteriana y la resistencia.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Diego Simón Baque Tóala, Liliana Jackeline Bernabé Soria, Katerine Dayana Buenaventura Alcívar, Jhon Bryan Mina Ortiz
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
